Plant traits refer to the physical, chemical, and physiological characteristics that define the appearance, growth, and function of plants. These traits can include leaf shape, size, and thickness, root depth and structure, flower color, seed size and shape, and nutrient uptake efficiency. Studying plant traits can help researchers understand how plants interact with their environment, compete with other species, and respond to environmental changes such as climate change or land use practices. Plant traits research can also inform conservation efforts, agriculture practices, and ecosystem restoration strategies.